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An Act to consolidate and amend the law regulating labor in factories.

Be it enacted by Parliament as follows:

1. Short Title, Extent, and Commencement:

   • This Act may be called the Factories Act, 1948.
   • It extends to the whole of India.
   • It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint.

2. Definitions:

   • Factory: A premises where 10 or more workers are working, and power is used, or 20 or more workers are working without the use of power.
   • Worker: A person employed directly or through any agency, whether for wages or not, in any manufacturing process or any incidental process.
   • Occupier: The person who has ultimate control over the affairs of the factory.

1. Inspectors:
   • The State Government shall appoint Inspectors for enforcing the provisions of the Act.
   • Inspectors have the power to enter any factory and examine any machinery or documents.

1. Cleanliness:

   • Every factory shall be kept clean, including provisions for sweeping, washing, and removing waste.

2. Disposal of Wastes and Effluents:

   • Effective arrangements shall be made for the treatment of wastes and effluents.

3. Ventilation and Temperature:

   • Adequate ventilation and cooling provisions must be in place to ensure the comfort of the workers.

4. Dust and Fume Control:

   • Effective measures shall be taken to prevent the inhalation of dust, fumes, or other impurities generated in the manufacturing process.

5. Lighting:

   • Sufficient and suitable lighting must be provided in every part of the factory.

6. Overcrowding:

   • Factories must ensure that workers are not overcrowded to a degree that is injurious to their health.

1. Fencing of Machinery:

   • Every dangerous part of any machinery shall be securely fenced to prevent injury.

2. Work on or Near Machinery in Motion:

   • Special care and supervision are required when workers are engaged with machinery in motion.

3. Employment of Young Persons on Dangerous Machines:

   • No young person (below 18 years) shall work on dangerous machines unless they have been trained and are under supervision.

4. Prohibition of Work on Certain Dangerous Machines:

   • Specific machines may be prohibited by the government from use without adequate safeguards.

5. Precautions Against Dangerous Fumes, Gases, etc.:

   • Suitable measures must be adopted to prevent the build-up of dangerous fumes or gases.

6. Protection of Eyes:

   • Goggles or other protective equipment shall be provided where processes involve risk of injury to the eyes.

7. Precautions in Case of Fire:

   • Factories must be equipped with adequate means of escape and firefighting equipment in case of fire.

1. Washing Facilities:

   • Adequate and suitable washing facilities must be provided for workers.

2. Facilities for Storing and Drying Clothing:

   • Provision for drying and storing wet clothing should be made where necessary.

3. Facilities for Sitting:

   • Workers whose work is performed standing should be provided with seats for rest.

4. First Aid Appliances:

   • Every factory must have a first aid box equipped with prescribed contents and a trained person in charge.

5. Canteens:

   • Canteens must be provided in factories where more than 250 workers are employed.

6. Shelters, Restrooms, and Lunch Rooms:

   • Suitable shelters or restrooms and lunch rooms shall be provided for workers.

7. Creches:

   • Factories with more than 30 women workers must provide a creche for the use of children of such workers.

1. Weekly Hours:

   • No adult worker shall be required or allowed to work in a factory for more than 48 hours a week.

2. Daily Hours:

   • No adult worker shall work more than 9 hours in any day.

3. Intervals for Rest:

   • A rest interval of at least half an hour shall be provided after five hours of continuous work.

4. Overtime:

   • Workers are entitled to overtime pay at twice the normal rate for hours worked in excess of the prescribed limits.

1. Prohibition of Employment of Children:

   • No child under 14 years of age shall be employed in any factory.

2. Working Hours for Adolescents:

   • Adolescents (ages 15-18) may work in factories only with the necessary certification and are limited to specific working hours.

1. Annual Leave:
   • Workers are entitled to annual leave with wages at a rate of one day for every 20 days worked in the case of adults and one day for every 15 days worked in the case of children.

1. Special Provisions Relating to Hazardous Processes:

   • Factories involving hazardous processes must ensure the health and safety of workers by implementing medical surveillance, safety audits, and appropriate safety measures as prescribed.

2. Notice of Certain Accidents:

   • The occupier of a factory must inform the prescribed authorities about any accident that causes serious bodily injury or death.

1. Penalties for Offenses:
   • Violation of the provisions of this Act may result in penalties, including fines and imprisonment, depending on the severity of the offense.

1. Power to Make Rules:
   • The State Governments may make rules to carry out the provisions of this Act.

This is a summarized version of the Factories Act, 1948. For the full text and specific legal language, it is recommended to refer to legal documents or the Official Gazette of India.